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CHAR-LES H. JAMES, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO,ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND FRANK MILLWARD, OF THE SAME PLAGE.

Letters Patent No. 64,424, dated May 7, 1867.`

IMPROVEMENT IN TUBES FOR STEAM GENERATORS.

'IO WHOM IT MAY CDNGERN:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. JAMES, of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful improvement Steam Generators; and I' do herebyfdeclare the followingto be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification My invention relates to that class of boilers having double or circulating tubes, (tubes within tubes,) connccted with and descending from the crown-sheet of .the tire-box of the boiler, and consists in a device for sep arating the current of water constantly rising in the outer or fire tube fromthe current of colder Water descending through the inner or water tube, thus securinga more rapid, regular, and an absolutely certain circulation of water under varying conditions and temperatures. A marked peculiarityjn this device is that the water in the boiler can, without interfering with thecirculation, be carried at a point near the level of the crown-sheet, the tubes of course being full, thus rendering it capable of the generation of a working pressu're of steam in the shortest possible time, and making it eminently adapted for steam `lire-engines, or-wberever a. quick generation of'steam is desirable. In the accompanying drawings- Figure 1 is a vertical section ofa circulating tube boiler embodyingmy invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the tubes and device for separating the currentsof water.

Figure 3 is a modification ofthe separating device. v

A is the dre-box, and A the tire-door ot' the boiler, B the water-jacket, C the steam-chamber, D the smokeilues, E the smoke-jacket, F the chimney, G the crownsheet, I-I the re-grate, andEI K the circulating tubes. Each ofthe {ire-tubes I is attached to a cap, M, which is secured in any preferred way inthe crown sheet, and the water tube K is rigidly secured to the side or inlet duct L, provided in the cap M. The tube K can be short of the length of the fire-tube, to allow of the passage ofthe Water from the inner to the outer tube at the bottom N, or can be of the full length, and scalloped or slotted, to admit of a free circulation.

In the operation ofthe boiler the heated water and steam rise in the annular space between the tubes I K, and are ejected through the open summit of the cap M, and simultaneously with this action the tube K for the descending current receives its supply direct from the water on the crown-sheet by means of the side duct or inlet L. By this device the upward and downward currents are separated and flow freely and unobstructedly, giving an uninteruptedv circulation at all temperatures. In cases when a quick generation of steam is required at the start, as, for instance, in a steam4 {ire-engine, the fire can be lit when the water in the boiler is scarcely even with the level of the crown-sheet, (the tubes being full of water,) as the water will dow over. the top of cap M, splash over the crown-sheet, and run down the duct L to keep up the circulation. In this way steam can be raised in an incredibly short space of time, and circulation regularly maintained. It will be seen 'that the tubes end at the bottom ata point above the tire-grate, and are itted with caps N extending below it. In the modification, iig. 3,. the ascending current passes through pipes L", and the downward current through the ducts L. In previous devices, where both tubes end at the same level, and especially on a level with the crown-sheet G, the currents of water upward and downward necessarily conlict, and circulation is interrupted under some conditions, and in other conditions wholly suspended; as, for example, whenever the surface level of the water is 'near or below the level of the crown-sheet.

In the construction of the boiler I prefer to make thc circulating tubes farthest from' the tire of smaller diameter than those more immediately exposed to it, as shown in Iig. 1,'in order to secure the greatest possible arca of heating surface in the least possible dimensions of boiler shell. i

I claim herein as new, and of my inventiony The stationary or rigidly confined tube K, provided with one or more enclosed ducts or passages L, communicating (through the outer or lire-tube I) with the water space on the crown-sheet of the'bciler, the outer tube I extending and discharging its contents above the water line, or above the passage L communicating with the inside tube K.

In testimony of which invention Ihereunto set my-hand.

CHARLES H. JAMES.

Witnesses:

Guo. H. KNIGHT, JAMES H. LAYMAN. 

